It is always tedious to read a work on the theme of Pan-Africanism. This tedious nature is often due to the large volume of most of the works which deal with this theme. This essay opens the field for another orientation or apprehension of this theme. To be clearer, this work simplifies the understanding of this movement by offering an educational situation of the facts. This pedagogy is to allow the reading public to become familiar with this theme and to understand the facts within the framework of history, this is to allow a more fluid apprehension of the issues linked to black identity. Talking about Pan-Africanism is still not an easy task since the idea it contains is gigantic depending on the field. It is in this context that we will find several orientations to give to this concept according to: religion, economics, science, philosophy, history, anthropology, politics. This essay is intended to be a springboard towards a more global understanding of this movement starting from its origin to this day.