Translation is intercultural communication par excellence. It has the power to form and/or deform cultures through sustained manipulation of the translation process and all that goes into it: from texts chosen for translation to the words used. But nowhere has manipulation through translation been more damaging than in the cultural exchange of goods between the Arab/Islamic worlds and the West. Drawing on this complex cultural relationship, the chapters in this volume address issues such as the rise of a master discourse of translation; pseudo-translation; self-translation; and the historiography of translation.