In the second edition of the book Political Economy of Bangladesh, theories of political economy are explored in-depth, highlighting their relevance to Bangladesh's development journey, particularly in chapters 2, 7.8, 9, 10, and 11. Bangladesh's experience offers a unique and insightful case study of the intersection of politics and economics within a developing country. Over the past five decades, Bangladesh has made significant strides in economic growth, poverty alleviation, education, healthcare, and gender equity. Despite these advances, the country faces challenges such as governance issues, inequality, and environmental sustainability. Political economy, as an analytical tool, proves essential in understanding how theoretical concepts play out in real-world settings. At the core of political economy is the understanding that politics and economics are intricately linked. Political decisions shape economic policies-from fiscal strategies to trade regulations-while economic conditions, in turn, can enable or limit political actions. This relationship is especially evident in developing countries like Bangladesh.