The horrific acts of anti-Western and anti-Jewish terrorism carried out by Muslim fanatics in recent decades have been labeled by politicians, religious, leaders and scholars as a “clash of civilizations,” however, as the contributors to this book set out to explain, these acts cannot be considered an Islamic onslaught on Judeo-Christian civilization. This collection of essays states that while the hostile ideas, words, and deeds perpetrated by supporters among the three monotheistic civilizations cannot be ignored, history has demonstrated a more positive, constructive, albeit complex, relationship among Muslim, Christians, and Jews during medieval and modern times. This book examines religious and historical themes of these three civilizing religions, the impact of education on their interrelationship, the problem of Jerusalem, as well as contemporary interfaith relations. Noted Jewish, Christian, and Muslim scholars and theologians from the United States, Canada, Egypt, Indonesia, Israel, Pakistan, Palestine, and Turkey contribute to this book, the theme of which was first presented at an international conference organized by the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs and the Divinity School at Harvard University.