Written by a highly regarded scholar in the field, this book represents the first published study on the Greek kingdoms of Bactria and India that treats them as Hellenistic states. Referring to classical Western and Indian sources, as well as numismatics, the author gives a multi-faceted account of their dynastic rule and conquest. The book begins with an overview of the Seleucid settlement, providing a background to the relations between Greeks and Asiatics after the death of Alexander the Great. Covering the period from 206 to 145 BCE, the book analyses the reigns of Euthydemus I, Demetrius I and Menander I, and explains how they accomplished Alexander's dream of co-operation instead of domination in the eastern provinces. Tarn's work examines this little-discussed topic, and presents it to the reader in a clear and accessible style, making this a great scholarly contribution that remains unsurpassed in breadth and depth. The second edition, originally published in 1951, includes an Addendum explaining the further discoveries since the work was first published in 1938.