Adopting an interdisciplinary focus, The Great Laboratory of Humanity. Collection, Patrimony and the Repatriation of Human Remains presents a variety of perspectives on the acquisition, circulation and treatment of human remains: From the practices of colonial collecting and their monumentalizing use in the epoch of nation-building, until the present-day repatriation movement instigated by Indigenous communities. The two parts of the book—Collections and Patrimony: evidence-bodies, monument-bodies and Repatriation: Controversies and Challenges—cover an array of writings ranging from historical and ethnographic case studies to controversial issues on the scientific treatment of human remains. Drawing on the expertise of leading authorities the volume will be essential reading for students and anyone interested in engaging with wide-ranging viewpoints and arguments on this hotly debated topic.