Stem cells play a pivotal role in periodontal regeneration by offering a regenerative solution to repair damaged tissues caused by periodontal diseases. These cells, derived from various sources like dental pulp, periodontal ligament, and bone marrow, possess the ability to differentiate into multiple cell types essential for periodontal tissue formation, including cementoblasts, osteoblasts, and fibroblasts. Their regenerative potential has led to promising advances in treatments for periodontal tissue loss, including the restoration of alveolar bone, periodontal ligaments, and the cementum. Ongoing research is focused on optimizing the methods for stem cell isolation, expansion, and integration into clinical treatments to enhance tissue healing and improve long-term oral health outcomes. As these therapies continue to evolve, stem cells may offer a groundbreaking solution for more effective and sustainable periodontal regeneration.