With the continuous development of digital technology, virtual reality technology has been widely used in the field of industrial engineering. At the same time, in response to the "Made in China 2025" plan, the ship manufacturing industry will develop in the direction of digitalization, networking, and intelligence. Based on this background, the ship's virtual assembly technology came into being. With this technology, the digitization and intelligence of product assembly process planning can be realized, problems found in the assembly process can be timely evaluated and feedback, which greatly reduces the assembly cost and shortens the production cycle of the product. The focus of the ship's virtual assembly is key technologies such as assembly information modeling, assembly sequence planning, and virtual assembly simulation. To this end, this article takes the ship segment as a research object, and the above key technologies are studied.