These field notes present the findings of a focused research project into the 'actual processes of change in low-income countries' carried out as a part of the Knowledge and Research Programme (KAR) of the Department for International Development (DFID), UK. The project (R7143) aims to build capacities of government and non-government organisations in primary collection of solid waste. These field notes are written for organisations and individuals who in one way or another support the development of solid waste systems in low-income countries.