Microcytic anaemia, particularly iron deficiency anaemia, is common in primary care. This study aims to assess the knowledge and practices of Tunisian doctors on this subject.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 doctors via an online questionnaire (35 questions) between December 2023 and January 2024.Sixty-two per cent of participants were women, mostly aged 50-59. 77% measure ferritin levels immediately, 65% request an ESR and CRP. More than half do not carry out a systematic aetiological investigation. Nearly 50% are unaware of the urgent indications for transfusion. Fifty-five per cent check the CBC at 1-3 months, but 45% do not check ferritin after treatment. The majority inform patients about treatment. Eighty per cent say they are competent and 95% are interested in continuing education.Continuing education and standardised recommendations are needed to improve the management of microcytic anaemia.