The book is a pioneering work in Brazil on recording pain in Primary Health Care. The content is solid with structured didactics and themes of great importance for professionals in the Family Health Strategy. It presents important aspects about the underreporting of pain as the 5th Vital Sign and also questions how comprehensive is the primary care offered to the Brazilian population? It also raises questions about the attention given to recording pain, since this has a direct impact on reducing the chronification of pain. It is divided into seven (07) sections with themes on Pain in Primary Health Care that effectively lead the reader to reflect on the importance of recording pain. As well as looking for more concrete strategies to understand and combat pain.