This work is Jung's essay defending the basic tenets of the new field of Psychoanalysis (original title "Zur Kritik über Psychoanalyse"). First published in "Jahrbuch für psychoanalytische und psychopathologi & schungen" in Vienna and Leipzig in 1910, this edition is a new translation with an Afterword by the Translator, a philosophic index of Jung's terminology and a timeline of his life and works. In addition to the modern and easy-to-read translation, this updated edition includes an illuminating Afterword by the Translator, offering critical reflections on the context, philosophical underpinnings, and enduring significance of Jung's ideas. The Afterword not only provides clarity for contemporary readers of this work specifically but also situates the work within the broader arc of Jung's philosophy, explaining this early clinical work in context. Accompanied by a timeline of Jung's life and works and other complementary material, this edition contextualizes the theories within his personal, cultural, and historical milieu, offering an indispensable guide for both newcomers and seasoned scholars of Jungian psychology. Here C.G. Jung discusses the different ways in which psychoanalysis has been received and understood by lay people and the educated alike. It emphasizes that psychoanalysis is often grasped without much difficulty, even though its evidence differs from that of the physical sciences. The article emphasizes the empirical basis of psychoanalysis and confronts the problem that critics often reject its findings without providing substantial alternative evidence. It notes that independent researchers have reached broadly similar conclusions to Freud, and that those who have experienced psychoanalytic treatment tend to affirm its validity.