Leukemia refers to a group of blood cancers that arise from bone marrow and lead to high number of abnormal blood cells. The affected or abnormal blood cells are not fully developed and are known as leukemia cells. Symptoms of leukemia may include fatigue, fever, bleeding and bruising, and increased risk of infections. The exact cause of leukemia is not known, however, genetic and environmental factors may play a role. Risk factors for leukemia include ionizing radiations, smoking, and some chemicals such as benzene, family history, prior chemotherapy and Down’s syndrome. Diagnosis can be done by bone marrow biopsy and blood tests. This book explores all the important aspects of leukemia in the present day scenario. It will also provide interesting topics for research which interested readers can take up. For all readers who are interested in this field, the case studies included in this book will serve as an excellent guide to develop a comprehensive understanding.