A multidisciplinary overview of techniques for monitoring acute head trauma patients is given in this book. It includes neuroimaging procedures (TCD, MRI, SPECT) and multiple neurophysiological approaches: EEG, videomonitoring and integrated computer systems with clinical applications. Results that have been obtained by using new drugs to protect the brain as well as progress made in recovering techniques are emphasized. The long—term consequences of acute lesions are also discussed. The relationship between acute and long—term seizures is studied in posttraumatic epilepsy cases, and the relationship between neurophysiological and long—term clinical patterns, especially in posttraumatic epilepsy, is discussed. The socio—economic costs of traffic accidents are analysed — based on data from epidemiological studies — and then compared with reported data.