Neurodegeneration refers to a progressive loss of function and structure of neurons. It is observed at different levels of neuronal circuitry from molecular to systemic. Several manifestations of neurodegeneration are amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease, among others. In the pursuit of effective therapies that can stop or reverse neurodegeneration, animal models of disease are being used to test potential therapeutic agents. These facilitate target identification and validation. Upregulation of autophagy and protein degradation are certain therapeutic strategies that are being actively pursued. This book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of neurodegeneration and the recent researches in this field. It consists of contributions made by international experts. This book aims to equip students and experts with the advanced topics and upcoming concepts in this area.