Middle-Class Blacks in a White Society: Prince Hall Freemasonry in America offers a comprehensive analysis of one of the most enduring institutions of the Black middle class in America—Prince Hall Freemasonry. The book examines how this fraternity has served as a cornerstone for social mobility, leadership development, and moral discipline within the Black community from its founding during the American Revolution to its growth throughout the 20th century. By fostering a sense of unity, respectability, and self-improvement among its members, the Prince Hall Order has not only provided a supportive social environment but also helped shape a distinct Black bourgeois identity amidst systemic racial and socio-economic challenges. This study reconsiders traditional portrayals of the Black middle class, challenging depictions of detachment or materialism, and instead highlights the fraternity’s critical role in cultivating leadership and fostering racial progress. It situates Prince Hall Freemasonry as a vital institution that bridged the aspirations of its members with the broader struggle for equality, offering a nuanced view of how public respectability and moral rigor functioned as tools of empowerment. Richly researched and deeply insightful, the book expands our understanding of the intersection of race, class, and social institutions in American history. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1975.