Livestock refers to those domesticated animals which are used to produce commodities like meat, milk, leather, eggs, etc. They can also be used for the purpose of labor. Livestock animals are raised in an agricultural setting like a farm. Cows and goats are the most commonly reared livestock animals. In modern times, a number of technologically advanced techniques such as artificial insemination and selective breeding are being practiced to improve the genetic characteristics of livestock. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to genetic manipulation and improvement of livestock. It consists of contributions made by international experts. This book will prove immensely beneficial to researchers and students in this field.