India has made impressive economic progress in the last few decades, built up a massive pharmaceutical industry, and developed a vibrant digital service industry. By 2023, India has achieved a remarkable level of digital technology and space technology.In late August 2023, India successfully put an autonomous rover on the moon. Days later, it launched its first space-based observatory to study the sun.In terms of these remarkable scientific and technological achievements, India can be said to have literally arrived in the modern world of the 21st century. In many ways, India is now perhaps on par with USA, China and Russia, and ahead of many of the western nations.How did it arrive at this stage? What are the challenges of the future?India can be a major force for global peace and stability if it continues its efforts to improve its internal social, economic, and technological developments, and contribute positively to better international relations.Certainly, humankind should be able to live in a world powered by space-age technology and ruled by a space age mentality of equitable and shared humanity, not a stone-age mindset of selfishness, arrogance, tribalism and prejudice.