Using a combination of theoretical analysis and case studies, this book analyses the theoretical issues — concept and type of independent innovation, and the practical issues — construction of institutional system which is in favor of independent innovation. It is written for researchers who are engaged in similar fields and readers who are interested in independent innovation. In this book, a comparison of the independent innovation modes of China, Japan and South Korea is presented. The ability, mode and track are defined clearly. The efficient path of Chinese independent innovation is put forward through case studies.