Ultrasound imaging is a clinical imaging technique that provides real-time, quantitative anatomical and physiological information in humans. It can serve both diagnostic and therapeutic functions. The diagnostic ultrasound is a non-invasive technique that uses sound waves to scan the structures or parts within the body. Ultrasound images can capture the movement of the internal organs, fetus and blood flow through the vessels inside the body. There are several medical applications of ultrasound, which include monitoring the development and health of the fetus during pregnancy. A Doppler ultrasound is used to assess the movement of blood to parts of body such as the heart, placenta and testes. Therapeutic ultrasound can be used to alleviate pain from the spread of cancer into the bones (bone metastases). Some other applications of ultrasound imaging include treatment of uterine fibroids and prostate surgery. Various studies that are constantly contributing towards advancing technologies and evolution of this field have been examined in detail within this book. It brings forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidates the unexplored aspects of ultrasound imaging. The book will provide comprehensive knowledge to the readers.