Neuro-oncology is the branch of medicine that deals with the tumors of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. It is also known as CNS oncology. Cancers that affect the nervous system are quite serious and life-threatening. CNS cancers can develop as a primary tumor or as a metastatic (secondary) tumor that spreads from other parts of the body. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery are the three main treatment options for CNS malignancies. Radiotherapy is a standard treatment for CNS malignancies, and research has shown that it enhances survival in patients with both primary and metastatic tumors. Chemotherapy is another treatment option for reducing the growth of cancer cells and controlling symptoms. This handbook unravels the recent studies in the field of neuro-oncology. It explores all the important aspects of this field in the present day scenario. Researchers and students in neuro-oncology will find this handbook comprehensive and extremely useful.