Greenhouse gases, or GHGs, are compound gases with the property of absorbing heat or longwave radiation in the atmosphere. They lead to the greenhouse effect, global warming and climate change. Nuclear tools and techniques help the researchers in monitoring greenhouse gas emissions and understanding environmental changes to oceans, mountains and their ecosystems. They also play an important role in developing ways to adapt to food and water shortages exacerbated by changing weather patterns. In agriculture, nuclear and isotopic techniques are used to reduce emissions by detecting the amount of nitrous oxide a plant can consume. Isotopes are also used to determine the status and movement of water in soil. They can be used to assess the status and movement of soil, which in turn, helps in understanding how strong crops can be produced under changing conditions. This book outlines the varied aspects of greenhouse gas emission and mitigation in agriculture using nuclear methods. It aims to serve as a resource guide for scholars and researchers alike.