The study of genomes of organisms which incorporates the principles of genetics is referred to as genomics. DNA sequencing, bioinformatics and recombinant DNA are some of the techniques studied under this discipline. Humans depend on farm animals for various products such as meat, milk, fur, leather, egg, etc. The study of farm animals’ genome aims to make use of the understanding of genomics and proteomics for the purpose of increasing livestock productivity, sustainable breeding and xenotransplantation. Increased disease resistance and inheritance of desired characteristics are some of the prominent applications of animal genetics and genome study. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included in this book. It is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the field of farm animal genomics. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject.