Degenerative aortic valve disease is the most prominent cardiac valve disease in Western societies. This volume describes some of the more important issues and problems for this condition:its progressive character and the underlying mechanisms of this progressiondiagnostic difficulties 1) ascertainment of valvular origin of symptoms in elderly; 2) the challenge of the low output – low gradient syndrome; 3) moderate aortic valve calcification during CABG; 4) prediction of the rate of progression (who will need surgery on short term and who not). the burden on the left ventricle and its consequences (danger of postponement of surgery)the effect and the modalities (access, types of valves) of surgical treatment on survival (and QoL)the mode of registering postoperative complicationsdetermining predictors for valve related, non-valve related cardiac and non-cardiac postoperative complicationsThe e-book is a unique presentation, specific to degenerative aortic valve disease and its treatment including information about ways to deal with the progressive character of the disease (autophagy as a mode of cell death). Cardiologists still avoid or delay referring patients to the surgeon for the sake of age, left ventricular function or co-morbidity. Therefore, the e-book benefits readers by addressing the above issue and providing critical information for changing referral policy, which would ultimately enhance postoperative survival of patients suffering from heart valve disease.