Cognitive neuroscience is the scientific field concerned with the study of the biological basis of cognition. Its focus lies in the neural connections underlying all mental processes. Some of the methods used in cognitive neuroscience involve a number of experimental procedures from cognitive psychology, electrophysiology, behavioral and cognitive genomics, etc. Cognitive psychology and computational neuroscience are two theoretical approaches. Modern neuroscience explores the interactions between the different areas of the brain by applying diverse approaches and technologies for understanding brain functions. Advances in data analysis methods and non-invasive functional neuroimaging have extended the frontiers of cognitive neuroscience. Brain mapping technologies such as PET and fMRI allow the observation of brain function. This book covers in detail some existing theories and innovative concepts revolving around cognitive neuroscience. Some of the diverse topics covered in this book address the behavioral and psychological perspectives of cognitive neuroscience and the recent advances in this field. It includes contributions of experts and scientists, which will provide innovative insights into this field.