Evaluates the risks to human health and the environment posed by chlorendic acid and anhydride. These closely related compounds are important reactive flame retardants used in polyester resins and plasticizers for electrical systems and paints, and in fibre glass-reinforced resins for process equipment in the chemical industry. As all flame retardants are eventually released to the environment, either directly or as breakdown products, the review gives particular attention to studies of the environmental behavior and ultimate fate of these chemicals. Firm conclusions were limited by the paucity of data and the inadequate design of several studies. A review of studies in experimental animals and in vitro test systems indicates low acute oral toxicity; no mutagenic potential or teratogenic effects have been observed. Both compounds have been shown to be skin irritants and severe eye and respiratory tract irritants. Long-term studies have produced evidence of an association between exposure to high concentrations of chlorendic acid and tumors in the rat and mouse, supporting the conclusion that this compound has carcinogenic potential. The report concludes that exposure of the general population to chlorendic acid, chlorendic anhydride and products derived from them should be minimized. The report further recommends caution in the disposal of these chemicals and their waste products to prevent exposure of the general population and minimize environmental risks.