American civic myth promises peaceful politics. History begs to differ.
In
Blood in the Ballot Box
, historian-author
D. M. Gross
traces a stark through-line from colonial conquest and tar-and-feather rituals to lynchings, labor wars, assassinations, terrorism, and twenty-first-century extremism. The book distinguishes state and non-state violence, symbolic and strategic force, and the public theatrics that have policed who counts as "the people." From the Boston Massacre to the caning of Charles Sumner, from Indian Removal to Jim Crow and COINTELPRO, from Oklahoma City to present-day polarization, Gross shows how violence has shaped elections, law, and national identity.
Refusing partisan spin, this is rigorous, readable history with sharp edges-arguing that American ballots were never far from American bullets, and understanding that fact is the first step toward breaking the cycle.