Auditory information processing refers to the capability of interpreting sounds heard by an individual. Central auditory processing plays an important role in recognizing incoming sounds, analyzing them and assigning meaning to them. It comprises steps related to information processing, which includes mechanical, electrical, chemical and central processing. The auditory system comprises the sensory organs, such as ears, as well as the auditory components of the sensory system. Excitatory neurons have a dominant function in the auditory cortex that transfers sensory information within and across brain areas. Inhibitory interneurons on the other hand, perform a variety of modulatory activities that determine how information is represented and processed. Inhibition has long been a characteristic of neuronal circuits. It helps to generate rhythms and is even capable of activating ion channels, which mediates an inward current that leads to the generation of action potentials. This book contains some path-breaking studies on auditory information processing. It will serve as a valuable source of reference for graduate and post graduate students. The readers would gain knowledge that would broaden their perspective about this area of study.