This book explores the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in environmental protection, with a focus on pollution monitoring and mitigation. Offering an authoritative perspective on circular and green economies through strategic AI deployment, it covers topics like risk management for human health impacts, optimization of water engineering processes, and real-time monitoring for contamination detection. Particular attention is given to water-quality-related concerns and optimizing operational parameters critical for wastewater treatment. In this book, readers will discover how AI is applied for early warning systems, detecting potential contamination in aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments. Expert contributors discuss the integration of AI with environmental sustainability, the Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, and automated monitoring techniques. The book also highlights the role of AI-supported low-cost smart sensors in environmental monitoring and climate change mitigation. Other key topics include intelligent control systems for wireless monitoring of waste management in green cities and AI's potential in diagnosing, managing, and forecasting air-pollution-related diseases for atmospheric sustainability. The book concludes with recommendations for maintaining a circular and green economy. Given its breadth, this book is an indispensable resource for researchers, scholars, and practitioners interested in understanding the transformative role of AI in environmental engineering and its contribution to sustainable development.