Pregnancy, childbirth and the post-partum period can be complicated by serious pathological events, sometimes facilitated by the existence of previous chronic pathologies. Their severity can threaten the vital prognosis of both mother and fetus, necessitating a stay in an intensive care unit. The visceral failures that these patients can present are diverse, but dominated by respiratory, circulatory and neurological disorders. Among the causes of respiratory failure is acute pulmonary oedema (APO).PAO is often difficult to diagnose during pregnancy, and in view of these risk factors, the slightest pulmonary symptomatology should lead to a chest X-ray as the first line of defence, gestational age permitting. Some etiologies, such as tocolytics and overfilling, are "avoidable". Correct management allows the pregnancy to continue. Once the diagnosis has been made, delivery is usually required if the woman is at term, in conjunction with maternal resuscitation measures.