Vitamin C's pure form, Ascorbic Acid, is known to be unstable and highly susceptible to oxidation (resulting in it turning brown) via heat, light, air and water, which impacts its effectiveness. Using more stable derivatives of Vitamin C in our formula ensures that rate of oxidation is slowed right down, meaning less discolouration and a longer shelf life, so your skin can get all the amazing benefits of vitamin C for longer. Stay-c© 50, a stable form of Vitamin C known to convert into its skin-friendly form on contact with the skin. L-vcg, a stable form of Vitamin C that slowly releases to brighten the look of skin throughout the day/night. Specwhite vce, a stable form of Vitamin C that penetrates the skin more easily. How to use - Pat around the eye area. For best results, store in the fridge to keep your Vitamin C at its optimum stability. - Avoid direct contact with eyes. If eye contact occurs rinse well with lukewarm water. Skin tingling may occur. Patch test before use. Concerns: Dullness, Loss of Firmness, Uneven Skin Tone, Dryness, Anti-Aging, Moisturizing, Fine Lines/Wrinkles, Dark Spots, Dark Circles Fluid Ounces: .5 oz. Ingredients: Oil-Free, Anti-Oxidants, Peptides, Vitamin C, Niacinamide, Aluminum Free, Phthalate Free, Silicone Free, Hyaluronic Acid, Sulfate-Free, Paraben-Free, Gluten Free Formulation: Cream Skin Type: Oily, Dry, Combination, Normal When To Use: All Day Skin Care Country of Origin: Imported Ingredients: Aqua/Water/Eau, Rosa Damascena Flower Water, Ascorbic Acid, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Glycerin, Cetearyl Alcohol, Candelilla Cera, Dimethicone, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter, Glyceryl Stearate, Sodium Hydroxide, PEG-100 Stearate, Benzyl Alcohol, Ferulic Acid, Tocopherol, Phenoxyethanol, Sodium Stearoyl Glutamate, Xanthan Gum, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, 1-Methylhydantoin-2-Imide, Disodium EDTA, Dehydroacetic Acid, Steareth-20, Ethylhexylglycerin, Ascorbyl Glucoside, Citronellol, Farnesol, Geraniol, Linalool, N-Hydroxysuccinimide, Chrysin, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 Please be aware ingredients are subject to change periodically. It is recommended you check the product packaging prior to use for a complete ingredient list.